Regulatory Landscape
The US regulatory framework is anchored by the SEC and Investment Advisers Act. Form ADV filings provide transparency on registered advisers managing $150M+. The Dodd-Frank Act introduced reporting requirements for private fund advisers through Form PF. Canada operates through provincial securities regulators with the CSA providing coordination. SEC enforcement actions and compliance costs have increased, making regulatory infrastructure a key differentiator for manager quality.
Strategy Mix
Top GPs in North America
| # | GP | Strategy | HQ | AUM |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FIDELITY MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH COMPANY LLC | Private Equity | United States | $4730738.5T |
| 2 | State Street Global Advisors | Real Estate | US | $4700000.0T |
| 3 | T. ROWE PRICE ASSOCIATES, INC. | Private Equity | United States | $1934233.2T |
| 4 | Morgan Stanley | Multi-Strategy | US | $1650015.9T |
| 5 | NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS, INCORPORATED | Multi-Strategy | United States | $1114770.2T |
| 6 | CAPTRUST | Multi-Strategy | United States | $1083051.0T |
| 7 | PGIM, INC. | Private Equity | United States | $1033223.8T |
| 8 | MORGAN STANLEY INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT INC. | Multi-Strategy | United States | $619196.0T |
| 9 | FRANKLIN ADVISERS, INC. | Private Equity | United States | $509453.4T |
| 10 | METLIFE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, LLC | Private Equity | United States | $508892.6T |
| 11 | MILLENNIUM MANAGEMENT LLC | Hedge Fund | United States | $504961.3T |
| 12 | CITADEL ADVISORS LLC | Hedge Fund | United States | $458576.0T |
| 13 | COLUMBIA MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT ADVISERS, LLC | Multi-Strategy | United States | $457482.7T |
| 14 | CAPULA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLP | Hedge Fund | United States | $450518.8T |
| 15 | TEACHERS ADVISORS, LLC | Credit | United States | $402994.3T |
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